MATHalino

The product of the first $n$ terms of a Geometric Progression is given by the following:
 

Given the first term $a_1$ and last term $a_n$:

Given the first term $a_1$ and the common ratio $r$

Derivation of Formulas
$P_n = a_1 \times a_2 \times a_3 \times \ldots \times a_{n - 1} \times a_n$

$P_n = a_n \times a_{n - 1} \times a_{n - 2} \times \ldots \times a_2 \times a_1$

$P_n \times P_n = (a_1 \times a_2 \times a_3 \times \ldots \times a_{n - 1} \times a_n)(a_n \times a_{n - 1} \times a_{n - 2} \times \ldots \times a_2 \times a_1)$

${P_n}^2 = (a_1 \times a_n)(a_2 \times a_{n - 1})(a_3 \times a_{n - 2}) \, \cdots \, (a_{n - 1} \times a_2)(a_n \times a_1)$
 

Hence,
${P_n}^2 = (a_1 \times a_n)(a_1 \times a_n)(a_1 \times a_n) \, \cdots \, (a_1 \times a_n)(a_1 \times a_n)$

${P_n}^2 = (a_1 \times a_n)^n$

$P_n = (a_1 \times a_n)^{n/2}$   ←   Formula
 

Replace $a_n$ by $a_1 r^{n - 1}$
$P_n = (a_1 \times a_1 r^{n - 1})^{n/2}$

$P_n = ({a_1}^2 \, r^{n - 1})^{n/2}$

$P_n = {a_1}^n \, r^{n(n - 1)/2}$   ←   Formula
 

Another Way to Derive $P_n = {a_1}^n \, r^{n(n - 1)/2}$

See also the derivation for the sum of GP.