integral calculus logarithmic functions

hindi po malinaw kung ano talaga ang equation. You can use symbols of grouping (brackets) para mas madali maintindihan.

Binasa ko uli ang post mo at naintindihan ko na. You ask why
$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \dfrac{1}{2} \, \ln \left( \dfrac{x^2}{1 + x^2} \right) + C$

am I right? If so, here is the detail:
 

$\dfrac{1}{x(1 + x^2)} = \dfrac{A}{x} + \dfrac{Bx + C}{1 + x^2}$

$1 = A(1 + x^2) + Bx^2 + Cx$
 

When x = 0, A = 1
Equate x₂: 0 = A + B, B = -1
Equate x: C = 0
 

Thus,
$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \int \left( \dfrac{1}{x} - \dfrac{x}{1 + x^2} \right) \, dx$

$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \int \dfrac{dd}{x} - \dfrac{1}{2} \int \dfrac{2x \, dx}{1 + x^2}$

$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \ln x - \dfrac{1}{2} \ln (1 + x^2) + C$

$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \dfrac{1}{2} \left[ 2\ln x - \ln (1 + x^2) \right] + C$

$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \dfrac{1}{2} \left[ \ln x^2 - \ln (1 + x^2) \right] + C$

$\displaystyle \int \dfrac{dx}{x(1 + x^2)} = \dfrac{1}{2} \, \ln \left( \dfrac{x^2}{1 + x^2} \right) + C$

as we expect it to be.