04 - In a Mixed Company of ASEAN Nationalities

Problem
In a mixed company of Malaysians, Vietnamese, Singaporeans, Thais, and Filipinos, the Malaysians are one less than 1/3 of the Filipinos; and three less than half the Vietnamese. The Filipinos and Thais outnumber the Singaporeans and Vietnamese by 3. The Singaporeans and Filipinos form one less than half the company, and the Singaporeans and Vietnamese form 7/16 of the company. How many persons of each nationality were there?
 

Problem
In a common carnival game, a player tosses a penny from a distance of about 5 feet onto the surface of a table ruled in 1-inch squares. If the penny (3/4 inch in diameter) falls entirely inside a square, the player receives 5 cents but does not get his penny back; otherwise he loses his penny. If the penny lands on the table, what is his chance to win?

A.   5/16 C.   9/256
B.   1/16 D.   3/128