At 1:00pm., a thermometer reading 70F is taken outside where the air temperature is -10F (ten below zero). At 1:02pm., the reading is 26F. At 1:05pm., the thermometer is taken back indoors, where the air is at 70F. What is the temperature reading at 1:09pm?
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Thermometer was taken outside
$T = -10 + (70 + 10)e^{-kt}$
$T = -10 + 80e^{-kt}$
At 1:02 pm, t = 2 and T = 26°F
$26 = -10 + 80e^{-2k}$
$26 = -10 + 80e^{-2k}$
$\frac{36}{80} = e^{-2k}$
$e^{-k} = \left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{1/2}$
Hence,
$T = -10 + 80\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{t/2}$
At 1:05pm, t = 5
$T = -10 + 80\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{5/2}$
$T = 0.8673^\circ F$ ← thermometer reading at 1:05 pm
Thermometer was brought back to the room
$T = 70 + (0.8673 - 70)\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{t/2}$
$T = 70 + (0.8673 - 70)\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{t/2}$
$T = 70 - 69.1327\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{t/2}$
At 1:09 pm, t = 4
$T = 70 - 69.1327\left( \frac{9}{20} \right)^{4/2}$
$T = 56^\circ F$ answer
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