Engineering Mechanics

When buckling a plate of two ends fixed, the deflection equation of the plate can be expressed by: y=y0*(1-cos mx) where the maximum deflection at the center is 2*y0. With this equation, the cross sectional area and the young's modulus of the plate is usually unchange.

uhh, we haven't discussed anything about this.. i dont know how to do this

I'm working on a design analysis of a multistorey building(residential)
I'm totally new to this then I came across this when I started to design beams . . .

1)how do I know if 1 end is restrained or unrestrained ?