head loss

Problem 6
As shown in Figure 4-03, the smaller pipe is cut off a short distance past the reducer so that the jet springs free into the air. Compute the pressure at 1 if Q = 5 cfs of water. D₁ = 12 inches and D₂ = 4 inches. Assume that the jet has the diameter D₂, that the pressure in the jet is atmospheric and that the loss of head from point 1 to point 2 is 5 ft of water.
 

Problem 5
With 30 L/s of water flowing in Figure 4-02, what pressure must be maintained at 1 if the pressure at 2 is to be 70 kPa and the loss of head between 1 and 2 is 5 percent of the difference in pressure head at 1 and 2.
 

Problem 4
In Figure 4-02, with 15 L/s of water flowing from 1 to 2 the pressure at 1 is 100 kPa and at 2 is 70 kPa. Compute the loss of head between 1 and 2.
 

Problem 3
A 300-mm pipe is connected by a reducer to a 100-mm pipe. See Figure 4-02. Points 1 and 2 are at the same elevation, the pressure at 1 is 200 kPa. The discharge Q is 30 liters per second flowing from 1 to 2 and the energy lost from 1 to 2 is equivalent to 20 kPa.

1. Compute the pressure at 2 if the liquid is water.
2. Compute the pressure at 2 if the liquid is oil (sp gr = 0.80).
3. Compute the pressure at 2 if the liquid is molasses (sp gr = 1.5).

Problem 2
From Figure 4-01, the following head losses are known: From (1) to (2), 0 m; from (2) to (3), 0.60 m; from (3) to (4), 2.1 m; from (4) to (5), 0.3 m. Make a table showing elevation head, velocity head, pressure head, and total head at each of the five points. How high above the center of the pipe will water stands in the piezometer tubes (3) and (4)?
 

Problem 1
The water surface shown in Figure 4-01 is 6 m above the datum. The pipe is 150 mm in diameter and the total loss of head between point (1) in the water surface and point (5) in the jet is 3 m. Determine the velocity of flow in the pipe and the discharge Q.